1. The Pill
The pill usually comes in a pack containing 21 hormone pills (with Estrogen and Progestin) and 7 placebo pills (with no medication); you?ll have your period during the 7 days of placebos. Some other birth control pills are taken for three months straight so that you only have four periods each year.
If taken correctly, the pill has been shown to be 99.7% effective; however, allowing for human error the efficacy is lowered to 91%.
Pros: The pill has been shown to reduce risk of endometriosis as well as uterine and ovarian cancers. Also, Women taking the pill have a lower risk of contracting uterine fibroids.
Cons: There is a risk of increased blood pressure in smokers; women with elevated pressure should not take the pill. Also, the effectiveness of the pill is significantly reduced if it?s not taken at the same time each day.
2. Condoms
Pros: Cheap and easy to find with no prescription necessary. They also have the added benefit of reducing the risk of most STDs.
Cons: Some people have allergies to latex. Also, condoms can come off or break. And finally, it can be distracting to interrupt foreplay to apply the condom.
3. Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a small silicone cap that covers the opening of the cervix to prevent the entry of sperm. Used with a spermicide, the diaphragm is reusable, and can be inserted as much as six hours before sex. The vaginal wall muscles hold the device in place; it should remain in place at least six hours after sex. It must be fitted and prescribed by a healthcare professional.
Pros: Very few side effects. Non-hormonal. It can be inserted ahead of time to avoid interruptions during sex.
Cons: Diaphragms must be used with spermicide, which can cause irritation to the vagina. There is also a risk of the diaphragm becoming dislodged during sex.
4. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
The IUD is a small plastic device which a doctor inserts into the uterus. It will typically stay there for three to five years. It releases the hormone progestin which creates a thickening of the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to enter the uterus. The Mirena IUD has more than 99% effectiveness, and stays inserted for up to five years.
Pros: IUDs have been show to lower menstrual bleeding and pain, and it also helps to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer. They are safe to use by nursing mothers. If a woman decides to become pregnant, it is possible immediately upon removal of the IUD.
Cons: The procedure to insert the IUD carries a small risk of infection.
5. Cervical Cup
Similar to a diaphragm, the FemCap is a silicone cup inserted into the vagina before sex. It must be prescribed by a health care professional and must be used with a spermicidal agent also.
Pros: It can be worn for as long as 48 hours for continuous protection. Few side effects.
Cons: Can have a high failure rate.
6. Sponge
The Today Sponge is used similar to the cervical cup, and placed into the vagina to prevent sperm from entering the cervix. It is pre-saturated with a spermicidal agent. It should be removed 6-48 hours after intercourse.
Pros: Non-hormonal, no prescription needed.
Cons: Has a relatively high rate of failure.
7. Patches
The birth control patch contains Estrogen and Progestin, which are absorbed through the skin into the blood stream. It?s applied to the arm, back or buttocks and needs to be changed weekly.
Similar to the pill, the patch is to be used for three weeks, and left off for one week to allow menstruation.
Pros: An effective hormonal method of birth control that doesn?t require remembering to take it daily. Can be worn while swimming and most other activities.
Cons: Must have a prescription to purchase. Remembering to re-apply the patch each week can be tricky.
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Source: http://cervicaldysplasia.healthrisks.biz/which-method-of-birth-control-is-right-for-you/
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